// C++11 function #include 
     
      void print_num(int i){	std::cout << i << '\n';}void testFunctionTpl(){	// templet 匿名函数	std::function
      
       getSum = [&](const int &nI1, const int &nI2)	{		int nSum = nI1 + nI2;		std::cout << nSum << endl;	};	 getSum(8, 9);	 //  lambda	 std::function
       
         f_display_42 = []() { print_num(42); };	 f_display_42();	 //********************* 测试成员函数 begin*********************//	 class TestClass	 {	 public:		 TestClass(int i) : m_nI(i){}		 ~TestClass() {}		 void testMemberFunc(int i) const { std::cout << m_nI + i << endl; }		 int  testResultFun(int i) const { return m_nI + i; }		 void testBindFun(int num) const { std::cout << m_nI + num << endl; }		 int m_nI;	 };	 	 std::function
        
          testMemberFunc = &TestClass::testMemberFunc;	 const TestClass oTestObject(100);	 // 传对象	 testMemberFunc(oTestObject, 100);	 // 会根据模板构造对象	 testMemberFunc(300, 100);	 //  返回值成员函数	 std::function
         
           testResultFun = &TestClass::testResultFun;	 int nRet = testResultFun(oTestObject, 100);	 std::cout << nRet << endl;	 // 成员变量	 std::function
          
            f_num = &TestClass::m_nI; std::cout << "m_nI: " << f_num(oTestObject) << '\n'; // 对象形式调用成员函数 using std::placeholders::_1; // 占位符 std::function
           
             testBindFun = std::bind(&TestClass::testBindFun, oTestObject, _1); testBindFun(222); // 指针形式调用成员函数 std::function
            
              testBindFun2 = std::bind(&TestClass::testBindFun, &oTestObject, _1); testBindFun2(333); //********************* 测试成员函数 end*********************// //********************* 测试普通函数 begin*********************// // 绑定普通函数 std::function
             
               f_display_31337 = std::bind(print_num, 31337); f_display_31337(); //********************* 测试普通函数 end*********************// // bad_function_call std::function
              
                f = nullptr; try { f(); } catch (const std::bad_function_call& e) { std::cout << e.what() << '\n'; } }int main() { testFunctionTpl(); int i = 0;}